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pathway

A collection of 52 issues

PGx of anti-HIV drug described in new PharmGKB pathway

Efavirenz (EFV) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used as part of a highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) regimen against HIV-1 infection. Large variability in EFV plasma levels is observed between patients given the same dose. Genetic variants underlying EFV metabolism have been shown to contribute to this variability. A

New PharmGKB pathway: Paroxetine

The paroxetine PK pathway is the newest addition to PharmGKB's pathway summaries. Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used for the treatment of multiple psychiatric disorders including mood, panic, anxiety, and obsessive compulsive disorders. The pathway diagram depicts candidate genes mediating the transformation of paroxetine into

Ifosfamide PK and PD pathways published in PG&G

Ifosfamide is a produg used in combination chemotherapy for the treatment of solid tumors. Around 20% of patients experience toxicity. Pathways depicting the genes involved in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ifosfamide have been published in PG&G. Variants in these genes that are associated with toxicity and drug

New publication: PharmGKB Uric acid-lowering drugs pathway

Disorders involving uric acid levels are prevalent (e.g. gout, hyperuricemia and resultant kidney failure) and pharmaceuticals that reduce the generation, increase the removal or prevent the absorption of uric acid have been developed to treat these disorders. Two PharmGKB pathways depicting the mechanism of action of these drugs and

Tramadol pathway summary published in PG&G

Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic used to relieve moderate to severe pain. It is administered as a racemic mixture of (+) and (-) enantiomers and exerts its analgesic effect via activating the µ-opioid receptor and inhibiting the neurotransmitter reuptake. Tramadol metabolism to its major active metabolite O-desmethyl tramadol (M1)

Pharmacodynamic pathways for drugs that lower uric acid levels

Unlike other animals, humans and apes have lost the ability to break down uric acid. High uric acid levels (hyperuricemia) can result in gout and kidney failure, and are a symptom of Tumor Lysis Syndrome experienced by some cancer patients. Two new PharmGKB pathways describe the mechanism of action of

PG&G publication: Mycophenolic acid Pathway

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressive agent used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation. We recently have published this pathway summary in the Pharmacogenetics and Genomics Journal.The article and included figure describe the metabolism of MPA and its prodrug mycophenolate mofetil. MPA is a noncompetitive, selective and reversible inhibitor

Venlafaxine Pathway published in PG&G

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) marketed for the treatment of depression disorders. We recently have published the Venlafaxine Pathway summary in the Pharmacogenetics and Genomics Journal.The article describes the metabolism of venlafaxine, with cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) being the major enzyme involved in the formation of its

Tamoxifen Pharmacokinetic Pathway Published

Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is used in the treatment and prevention of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. The paper detailing the pharmacokinetic pathway of tamoxifen has been published by PG&G and can be found online. The pathway can also be found on our website. View all

Tacrolimus and cyclosporine pathways published

Tacrolimus and cyclosporine are two immunosuppressants given to solid organ transplant patients to prevent allograft rejection. A PharmGKB summary discussing the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics of these two drugs has been published in Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, and is now available to read online ahead of print. The summary also includes