pathway

Methylene blue has many clinical uses including the treatment of methemoglobinemia and malaria, as a diagnostic dye and even has potential as a therapy for Alzheimer's disease. A PharmGKB summary combining the methylene blue pharmacodynamics pathway with the oxidative stress regulatory and pentose phosphate pathways in red blood

We have posted a new pathway on PharmGKB summarizing the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenetics of abacavir. Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) pro-drug, used for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Abacavir is converted through several enzymatic steps into its active form, carbovir 5’-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which works

We have added two new pathways to our collection, in collaboration with Dr. Christine Staatz from the University of Queensland and Dr. Raman Venkataramanan from the University of Pittsburgh. These pathways cover the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tacrolimus and cyclosporine. Both drugs are immunosuppressants given to solid organ transplant recipients

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) marketed for the treatment of depression disorders. The molecular targets of venlafaxine are the serotonin and norepinephrine transporters, resulting in inhibition of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake from the synaptic cleft. A new pathway is posted on PharmGKB summarizing the metabolism of venlafaxine. Demethylation

We updated the Mycophenolic acid Pathway in collaboration with Kinjal Sanghavi and Dr. Vishal Lamba from the University of Minnesota.Mycophenolic Acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressive agent and is indicated as prophylactic agent in patients receiving allogeneic renal, cardiac or hepatic transplants. This PharmGKB pathway describes the steps and metabolites

Methylene blue is a drug with many clinical applications, including treatment of infectious diseases such as malaria, a cyanide antidote, a dye for diagnostics, and even has the potential as a therapy for Alzheimer Disease and septic shock. It is indicated for the treatment of drug-induced  methemoglobinemia - an increase

We have updated the pathway: Tamoxifen PK pathway. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. It is used to treat estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, and has been shown to decrease disease recurrence and mortality rates by 50% and 30%, respectively. PharmGKB's Tamoxifen PK pathway describes the metabolism

We have added a new pathway: Vemurafenib PD pathway to our pathway collections. Vemurafenib (marketed as ZELBORAF) is an oral BRAF inhibitor used to treat late-stage melanoma.  It specifically targets the mutant BRAF protein (V600E isoform) that is found in approximately half of all cases of melanoma. Vemurafenib is a

Zidovudine (ZDV, also known as azidothymidine (AZT)) is an important drug used for treatment of HIV infection. Belonging to the family of nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), it is structurally related to the endogenous nucleoside thymidine. ZDV is a prodrug and must be activated by phosphorylation to exert its

We have added two new pathways: Sorafenib PK and PD pathways to our pathway collections. Sorafenib (Nexavar, BAY 43-9006) is a cancer drug used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma and unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.  It blocks tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis by targeting various types of serine/threonine and receptor